Why is blood glucose control important in preventing surgical site infections?

Blood glucose control is crucial in preventing surgical site infections primarily because it aids in immune function. Elevated blood glucose levels can impair the immune response, making the body less capable of fighting off infections. When blood glucose is poorly controlled, especially in patients with diabetes, the function of white blood cells and other components of the immune system can be compromised. This diminished immune response increases the risk of bacteria proliferating at the surgical site, leading to potential infections.

Maintaining optimal blood glucose levels helps ensure that the immune system operates effectively, enabling it to respond to pathogens that may enter through surgical wounds. This is particularly important in the postoperative period, as the body needs a strong immune response to heal and prevent infection in the area where surgery has occurred.

While promoting faster recovery, reducing inflammation, and providing energy are also benefits of good glucose control, they are secondary to its direct role in enhancing immune function, which is the most critical factor in preventing surgical site infections.