Which of the following is NOT a patient-related risk factor for bloodstream infections?

Frequent exercise is not a recognized patient-related risk factor for bloodstream infections. In fact, regular exercise is generally associated with improved overall health and immune function, which can be beneficial in reducing the risk of infections.

On the other hand, chronic illnesses can compromise the immune system, making patients more susceptible to infections. The use of Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) is associated with an increased risk of bloodstream infections due to the potential for catheter-related complications and the nature of the nutritional support, which requires direct access to the bloodstream. Loss of skin integrity is also a significant risk factor, as it provides a direct pathway for pathogens to enter the bloodstream. Thus, while other options present valid concerns regarding infection risk, frequent exercise is not considered a risk factor.