Which factor is least likely to increase the risk for C. diff infection?

The factor that is least likely to increase the risk for Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) infection is the use of antiviral medications. C. diff infections are primarily associated with disruptions in the gut microbiome, often resulting from the use of antibiotics, which can lead to an overgrowth of C. diff bacteria in the intestines. Antiviral medications, on the other hand, target viral infections and do not have the same impact on gut flora that antibiotics do.

In contrast, being over the age of 65, having an immunocompromised state, and recent hospitalization are all established risk factors for C. diff infection. Older adults are more susceptible due to age-related changes in immunity and the potential for increased medical interventions. Individuals with compromised immune systems are at higher risk because their bodies may not effectively fend off infections. Recent hospitalization is a significant risk factor as well, as it often correlates with antibiotic use and exposure to healthcare environments where C. diff can spread more easily.