What is ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)?

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is specifically defined as a type of lung infection that develops in patients who are on mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours. This condition arises because the ventilator can alter the normal defenses of the respiratory system, making patients more vulnerable to infections. The introduction of non-sterile airways and potential aspiration of secretions can also contribute to the risk of developing pneumonia while receiving mechanical support.

Understanding VAP’s context within healthcare is crucial; it highlights the importance of infection control practices in patients who are on ventilators in critical care settings. Effective management strategies, such as elevating the head of the bed, oral care protocols, and minimizing sedation, play a vital role in reducing the incidence of this serious infection.